WOIPFG’s Investigative Report on the Alleged Organ Harvesting of Living Falun Gong Practitioners at West China Medical Center, Sichuan University and Its Staff Members Suspected of Participation
Preface
The actual number of organ transplants at the Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University is huge, far exceeding the official figures. This was also confirmed in WOIPFG's telephone investigations. At the same time, the source of their organs is unknown, and they claimed that "the practitioners’ are not allowed to be used any longer", which inadvertently admitted they used the organs of practitioners. Given the background of the CCP's national crime of live organ harvesting, this hospital is suspected of participating in the crime of live organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners and other groups.
Hospital Overview:
West China Hospital, Sichuan University is a large Grade-A Tertiary General Hospital in southwest China. According to the hospital's official website in December 2015, the hospital covers an area of more than 500 acres, with more than 600,000 square meters of business premises. The hospital has 4,100 ward beds on its Main Campus, mainly for the diagnosis and treatment of difficult and critical diseases, and 200 ward beds on its Wenjiang Campus[1].
Address: No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
I. The hospital is home to the Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health and the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research Laboratory, Ministry of Health. It is a national organ transplantation diagnosis, treatment and research center.
In 2002, it was approved as the Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health[2].
The Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery is home to the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research Laboratory, Ministry of Health, which is a key national discipline[3]. Its liver transplantation ranks among the best both domestically and internationally. It is also one of the few pancreas transplant centers in China and has carried out combined pancreas-kidney transplants.
II. The actual number of organ transplants at the Transplant Center far exceeds the official figures.
1. The numbers of organ transplants in single days are surprisingly high.
The Liver Transplant Center once performed seven liver transplants in a single day, and it is one of the hospitals in China that can carry out multiple liver transplants in one day[4]. In 2006, in a telephone investigation carried out by a reporter from Voice of Hope, a nurse from the Kidney Transplant Center, West China Hospital, said they once performed six kidney transplants in one day, with abundant kidney sources[5].
2. Based on the liver transplant center’s hardware facilities, the number of ward beds, and the hospital's high bed turnover rate, the annual volume of the hospital’s liver and kidney transplants was estimated to be more than ten times the published number.
Relying on the key disciplines of the Ministry of Education - the General Surgery Department of West China Hospital and the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research Laboratory of the Ministry of Health, the Liver Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (formerly the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University) was established based on the Liver Transplantation Collaborative Team of West China Hospital. It combines the talents and technical advantages of various disciplines and is an interdisciplinary and interprofessional medical and research institution, integrating medical treatment, teaching, and scientific research. The Center includes a 72-bed transplant ward, a transplant immunity laboratory, and a microcirculation and tissue matching laboratory[6].
Figure 1 Snapshot of West China Hospital website
The Center has a set of imported equipment and five complete sets of liver transplant surgery equipment, which can satisfy the completion of five liver transplant surgeries at the same time[7].
Figure 2 Snapshot of West China Hospital website
The Kidney Transplant Center of the hospital is one of the earliest hospitals in China to carry out kidney transplants. It is a key discipline of Sichuan Province, Chengdu City, and Sichuan University[8]. As of 2015, the number of ward beds in the Urology Department is the largest in China[9].
Under normal circumstances, the patient is treated by a urologist surgeon for two weeks before and after a kidney transplant. If there are no surgical complications two weeks after surgery, the patient will be referred to a nephrologist for treatment and will be discharged from the hospital after the ureteral stent is removed. So, patients usually need to be hospitalized for more than thirty days[10]. While, the hospital improved the third comprehensive ward and shortened the average hospital stay of kidney transplant patients. The medical and surgical treatment times after kidney transplant were shortened to ten days, respectively, to improve the bed turnover rate[11].
If we assume that there are 103 transplant beds (liver transplant beds 72 + kidney transplant beds 31 = 103), based on the conservatively estimated average hospitalization time of 20 days and 100% bed turnover rate, the number of liver and kidney transplants in this hospital in one year can reach 1879 (103×365×100%/20=1879) cases. (Calculation method: number of ward beds X number of days in a year X bed turnover rate/average hospitalization time for liver and kidney transplant = number of liver and kidney transplants performed per year)
3. The strong team of liver and kidney transplant surgeons shows that the actual number of transplants is huge.
As early as 2004, it was reported on the hospital’s official website that the transplant team in the Liver Transplant Center was quite large. Led by liver transplant expert Yan Lvnan, the team has eight professors and chief surgeons, sixteen associate chief surgeons, and more than thirty postdoctoral fellows and doctors[12].
The Kidney Transplant Center now has three professors and chief surgeons, two associate professors and associate chief surgeons, and two attending surgeons. The Center is a Ph.D. conferral unit and a postdoctoral research station[13]. Multiple liver and kidney transplant teams can be formed.
III. The number of kidney transplants ranks first in China. “Kidney transplants are being done every day.”
1. The kidney transplant surgeries in 2017 set multiple national records.
According to a report on sina.com in 2018, the kidney transplant surgeries of West China Hospital, Sichuan University set multiple national records in 2017[14].
In 2017, the kidney transplants of West China Hospital ranked first in China in:
- The total number was No.1 in China, which was 481.
- The number of living donor kidney transplants was No. 1 in China, which was 280.
- The number of blood group incompatible kidney transplants was No. 1 in China, which was 12.
- Besides, Prof. Lin Tao ranked first in China in laparoscopic minimally invasive kidney extraction and has completed more than 1,000 cases in total.
2. The official website of the Kidney Transplant Center has tampered with data, and the number of kidney transplants displayed has shrunk severely.
According to an Introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, issued in February 2005, from September 1978, when the first kidney transplant was done till then, the Center performed more than 4,000 kidney transplant surgeries[15]. Yet, in September 2014, the number of kidney transplants shown on its official website was severely shrunk[16]: “…the Center has performed more than 2,500 kidney transplants till now. Starting from 2011, the number of kidney transplants performed by the Center has exceeded 200 annually.”
Figure 3 An Introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center, published in 2005
Figure 4 An Introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center, published in 2014
3. The actual number of organ transplants performed in the hospital far exceeds the number of organ donations in Sichuan Province.
From 2012 to the end of March 2016, in Sichuan Province, there were about 150 organ donations through the Red Cross system, including 63 donations distributed to West China Hospital. “Only two donations were received in 2012 and ten in 2013. From January to March this year (in 2016), there were twenty donations.”[17]
IV. In 2018, several organ transplantation professors in West China Hospital served as deputy leaders (members) of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association.
On December 28, 2018, at the 4th Standing Committee Meeting of the 8th Committee of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association, the re-selection plans of the three professional groups of liver transplantation, kidney transplantation, and pancreatic and small intestine transplantation were approved. Professor Li Bo from the Department of Liver Surgery and the Organ Transplant Center of West China Hospital continued to serve as the deputy head of the liver transplantation group, and Professor Yang Jiayin served as a member. West China Hospital is the only hospital in the country with two members in one of these groups. Professor Lin Tao served as a member of the kidney transplantation group, and Professor Xu Mingqing served as a member of the pancreatic and small intestine transplantation group. [18]
V. Telephone Investigation Recordings
"We did 500 kidney transplants last year. We do kidney transplants every day. The sources of organs are unknown. The practitioners’ organs are not allowed to be used any longer."
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Investigation Time: March 31, 2016 (+86-2885422925)
Summary:
- We do a lot. We do a lot of kidney transplants. Our entire ward is full of kidney transplant (patients).
- (For kidney transplants,) we did the most in the whole country.
- We do (kidney transplants) every day.
(Recording 1. Download: MP3; Transcript Download: pdf 180)
Investigation Time: December 15, 2017 (+86-2885422925)
It was reported by West China Hospital itself that they did more than 400 kidney transplants in 2016 and 700 kidney transplants in 2017.
(Recording 2. Download: MP3; Transcript Download: pdf 181)
Investigation Subject: A nurse-on-duty in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital, Sichuan University[19]
Investigation Time: April 6, 2017 (+86 28-85422925)
Summary: We did 300 to 400 kidney transplants last year. Now the departments are very finely divided, and here we also do liver transplants, heart transplants, brain transplants, and kidney transplants.
(Download Recording 3 MP3，please seeAddendum 73)
Investigation Subject: A doctor-on-duty, liver transplant, West China Hospital, Sichuan University[20]
Investigation Time: June 6, 2017 (+86-18980601479)
Summary: We’ve been doing lots of liver transplants. Why not? I cannot tell you how many cases we did this year or last. Some people in the hospital specialize in getting donors. Nobody knows the situation of the donor. The recipient’s family cannot know anything about the donor. Likewise, the donor’s family cannot know anything about the recipient.
(Download Recording 4 MP3, please seeAddendum 74)
Investigation Subject: Professor Wen Tianfu, liver transplant, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Investigation Time: June 15, 2017 (+86-18980601471)
Summary:
- In terms of liver or kidney transplants, West China Hospital charges the cheapest in the world.
- In terms of kidney transplants, West China Hospital ranks first in both quantity and quality in China.
- (We do) around 500 kidney and liver transplants (per year). Among them, there are more than 100 liver transplants per year. We do more kidney transplants.
- The hospital has a specific queuing system managed by one person. We are not involved in it.
- Another liver source is donation. There are so-called coordinators from the National Health and Family Planning Commission.
- In terms of kidney transplants, (West China Hospital) ranks first in China in both quantity and quality.
- Especially living donor kidney (transplants), they cannot handle it.
- Donors are mainly from hospitals in other places.
- Q: Those we used in the past, those death row inmates or practitioners who are healthy, can still be used now? Can we pay more money to get such donor?
A: They are long gone. We have no longer used (such donors) since January 2015.
(Recording 5. Download: MP3; Transcript Download: pdf 5)
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Investigation Time: December 15, 2017 (+86-2885422925)
Summary:
- The number of kidney transplants we do increases every year!
- We do (kidney transplants) every day. The number of transplants is specifically counted by someone. I cannot tell you casually…
- Anyway, we’ve done several hundred (kidney transplants). I don’t know the exact number.
- Register under Lin Tao and Wang Li. They are directors.
(Recording 6. Download: MP3; Transcript Download: pdf 61)
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital
Investigation Time: June 7, 2018 (+86-2885422925)
Summary: We do a lot of kidney transplants. We did more than 500 kidney transplants last year. [21]
(Recording7 download MP3. For complete transcript, please see pdf Addendum.)
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital[22]
Investigation Time: April 14, 2019 (+86-2885422925)
Summary: We do several hundred transplants per year, and we’ve been doing this for more than ten years.
(Recording 8. Download: MP3; Translation Download: pdf 041)
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the kidney transplant ward of West China Hospital[23]
Investigation Time: October 15, 2019 (+86-028-85422925)
Summary: The surgeons who do kidney transplants are Lin Tao, Wang Li, Fan Yu, Huang Zhongli. They have transplant groups.
(Recording 9. Download: MP3; Translation Download: pdf 125)
VI.During the pandemic, the transplant surgeries have been performed as usual.
Investigation Subject: A nurse in the Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University[24]
Investigation Time: April 20, 2020 (+86-2885422386)
Summary:
- Our hospital is a designated hospital for pneumonia, and patients with fever are all in the isolation ward.
- The hospital has always been open. You need to register online.
- Wen Tianfu and Yang Jiayin are still chief surgeons in liver transplantation.
(Recording 10 download: MP3, manuscript download: pdf045)
VII. Support to other hospitals
Investigation Subject: A surgeon in the Liver Transplant Department of Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital[25]
Investigation Time: June 7, 2020 (+86-9718068852)
Summary: All livers come from other places. Then a medical expert team from West China Hospital come here to do transplants.
(Recording 11 download: MP3, manuscript download: pdf086)
VIII. List of Responsible Persons:
SCDX-HXYY001 Yan Lvnan
Position and Title: Director of the Department of General Surgery, Director of the Liver Transplant Center, Director of the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research Laboratory, professor of surgery, doctoral supervisor
Personal Profile: He graduated from Chongqing Medical University in 1967. Then he successively obtained a master's degree and a doctorate in medicine from Sichuan University (formerly West China Medical University). After returning from studying in Japan in 1987, he has been engaged in the research of liver surgery and liver cancer gene therapy. In 1994, he began to carry out experimental research on animals on whole liver and half liver transplantation and on liver regeneration after hepatectomy. In 1999, he began to lead clinical liver transplants and has completed more than 800 cases. From 2001 to October 2008, he performed nearly 200 living donor liver transplants (including more than 180 living donor liver transplants between adults), which is the largest number in mainland China. [26]
SCDX-HXYY002 Lin Tao
Position and Title: Associate chief surgeon of the Department of Urology, professor, member of the British Transplantation Society
Personal Profile: He became a surgical resident in 1994. In 2002, he received a doctorate in surgery from West China Clinical Medical College of Sichuan University and served as an attending surgeon in urology. In 2007, he became an associate professor of urology at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. From October 2003 to September 2006, he worked and studied at the MRC Organ Transplant Center and the Department of Kidney Transplantation at King's College London, UK. His clinical work focuses on kidney transplantation. [27]
SCDX-HXYY003 Wang Li
Position and Title: Associate chief surgeon of the Department of Urology, professor, member of the Kidney Transplantation Group of the Urology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association
Personal Profile: She graduated from West China Medical University in 1993 and obtained a doctorate in 2001. She has been engaged in clinical medical treatment, scientific research, and teaching in the field of kidney transplantation in urology. She is good at using multi-donor umbilical blood transfusion to induce immune hyporesponsiveness in the treatment of renal transplantation rejection. [28]
SCDX-HXYY004 Lu Yiping
Position and Title: Professor, Deputy Director of Urology Department and Urology Research Office, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Personal Profile: Member of the International Organ Transplantation Association. Member of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association. Member of the Chinese Dialysis and Transplantation Association. Deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Organ Transplantation Committee. Medical malpractice identification expert of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association.
He is an editorial board member of the following journals: Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation, Journal of Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation, Foreign Medicine: Organ Transplantation, Foreign Medicine: Transplantation and Hemodialysis, Transplantation Journal and Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation Chinese Edition.
He graduated from the Medical Department of Sichuan Medical College in 1982 with a bachelor's degree. From September 1984 to June 1989, he studied for and obtained master's and doctoral degrees in the Department of Urology, School of Medicine, West China Medical University. Since October 1991, he has served as a lecturer, attending surgeon, associate professor, and professor of urology at West China Hospital, Sichuan University (formerly the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University). From September 1989 to September 1991, he studied as a doctoral student and visiting doctor in the Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, Germany, and obtained a doctorate in medicine from Germany. He has been engaged in clinical, scientific research and teaching of kidney transplantation for a long time. [29]
SCDX-HXYY005 Tang Keshi
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of urology, professor, master student supervisor
Personal Profile: In 1965, he graduated from the Medical Department of Sichuan Medical College (now West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University) and has worked in medicine at his alma mater for more than 40 years after graduation. He has successively served as surgical resident, surgical resident of urology, attending surgeon, lecturer, and associate chief surgeon (associate professor). He became a chief surgeon (professor) in 1996. His specialty is kidney transplantation.[30]
SCDX-HXYY006 Fan Tianyong
Position and Title: Associate professor of urology, master student supervisor
Personal Profile: He graduated from the Department of Medicine of Chongqing Medical University in 1992 and received his doctorate from West China Medical University in 1997. From February 2002 to February 2003, he conducted postdoctoral research at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong. His clinical expertise includes the diagnosis and treatment of difficult diseases such as kidney transplantation. He specializes in kidney transplant surgery and perioperative management. In the basic field, he has been engaged in the research of transplantation immunity for a long time.[31]
SCDX-HXYY007 Yang Yuru
Position and Title: Professor of urology
Personal Profile: He was a member of the 6th Chinese Organ Transplantation Society and an editorial board member of Chinese Journal of Organ Transplantation, etc. He graduated from Sichuan Medical College in 1961. In 1992, he conducted further research and study in urology at Cornell University School of Medicine for one year. He is engaged in the rejection monitoring and prevention of kidney transplantation, etc.[32]
SCDX-HXYY008 Wang Jia
Position and Title: Deputy Director of Department of Urology, chief surgeon, professor
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Sichuan Provincial Organ Transplantation Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. He graduated from the Department of Medicine of Sichuan Luzhou Medical College in 1986 and received his doctorate in medicine from West China Medical University in 1996. From 1996 to 1998, he worked in the post-doctoral research station of Shanghai Medical University. He has been engaged in clinical and scientific research on and the teaching of urology for more than 20 years. From 2000 to 2002, he completed post-doctoral research and clinical studies at the University of Tennessee School of Medicine. He is engaged in clinical subspecialties including kidney transplantation. He is good at kidney transplantation.[33]
SCDX-HXYY009 Kang Yan
Position and Title: Chief surgeon, professor and Director of Intensive Care Unit
Personal Profile: After graduating from the Department of Medicine of West China Medical University in 1988, he continued to work at his alma mater. He has been surgical resident, attending surgeon of ICU and general surgery, ICU associate chief surgeon, chief surgeon, and professor. In 2005, he went to the Department of Anesthesia Critical Care Medicine at Barnes-Jewish Hospital on the Washington University Medical Campus for further study. He is good at the clinical treatment of critically ill patients including the organ transplantation perioperative management. [34]
SCDX-HXYY010 Li Bo
Position and Title: Director of Liver and Vascular Surgery Department, Director of Liver Transplant Center, professor of surgery, chief surgeon.
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Chinese Organ Transplantation Society and the Sichuan Medical Association’s Surgical Committee and Organ Transplantation Committee. He graduated from the Department of Medicine of West China Medical University with a bachelor's degree in 1982. He obtained a master's degree and a doctorate in medicine from the same university in 1986 and 1989, respectively. He worked as a surgical resident and teaching assistant at the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University from 1983 to 1990, as an attending surgeon and lecturer from 1989 to 1993, and as an associate professor from 1994 to 1997. In 1997, he became a professor of surgery. From 1993 to 1995, he was a visiting scholar and post-doctoral researcher at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Louvain (Leuven) in Belgium. He has been engaged in clinical and research work in liver transplantation for more than 20 years.[35]
SCDX-HXYY011 Wang Wentao
Position and Title: Chief surgeon, professor of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Medical PhD, master student supervisor, part-time doctoral supervisor of Xinjiang Medical University, visiting professor of surgery at the First and Second Affiliated Hospitals of Lanzhou University
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Sichuan Provincial Organ Transplantation Committee. He has participated in more than 300 whole liver transplants and more than 170 living donor liver transplants and is one of the doctors who have completed the most such surgeries in China. He specializes in liver transplantation.[36]
SCDX-HXYY012 Wen Tianfu
Position and Title: Deputy Director of General Surgery Department, professor, doctoral supervisor
Personal Profile: He graduated from West China Medical University with a bachelor's degree in 1985 and successively obtained his master's and doctoral degrees from the same university. He has been working at his alma mater (now West China Hospital) till now. In 1996, he studied hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery at the Medical University of Sofia. In 2001, he studied hepatobiliary surgery and adult living donor liver transplantation at Queen Mary Hospital of Hong Kong University. He has completed 300 liver transplants and 100 living donor partial liver transplants. In the field of liver transplantation, he started pre-clinical work on liver transplantation in 1998 under the guidance of his teacher Mr. Yan Lvnan and successfully carried out a cadaveric liver transplant in 1999. As the backbone, he has participated in the development and innovation of a series of techniques for liver transplantation, especially living donor liver transplantation.[37]
SCDX-HXYY013 Xu Mingqing
Position and Title: Doctoral supervisor, professor, the medical team leader of the Liver Surgery and Organ Transplant Center, a first-review expert of organ transplantation project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, member of the Pancreas and Small Intestine Transplantation Group of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association
Personal Profile: He graduated from the Medical Department of the Third Military Medical University of the People's Liberation Army with a bachelor's degree in 1989 and from the Norman Bethune University of Medical Science with a master's degree in surgery in 1995. In 2000, he obtained a doctorate in hepatobiliary surgery from the Third Military Medical University Southwest Hospital. From 2000 to 2004, he was a postdoctoral fellow in surgery at Chongqing Medical University and West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University. He studied under Professor Yan Lvnan, an expert in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. From January to April 2015, he studied combined pancreas-kidney transplantation, combined hepatopancreas transplantation, and liver cirrhosis and hepatoma resection technique at the advanced hepatobiliary surgery section of the Organ Transplant Center of Oklahoma University, USA. He is good at hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, liver transplantation, combined pancreas-kidney transplantation clinical work, and the related basic research. He mainly performs abdominal organ transplants such as liver transplants (including living donor liver transplants), combined liver-pancreas transplants, and combined pancreatic-kidney transplants for patients with diabetic renal failure. He participated in more than 300 cadaveric liver transplants and more than 120 living donor liver transplants. In April 2006, he performed the first liver transplant for a patient with a malignant islet cell tumor with whole liver metastasis in China.[38]
SCDX-HXYY014 Yang Jiayin
Position and Title: Associate chief surgeon and professor of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery. Specializes in hepatobiliary surgery and liver transplantation.[39]
SCDX-HXYY015 Wei Yonggang
Position and Title: Associate chief surgeon of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Clinical Transplantation Immunization Branch of the Sichuan Provincial Immunization Committee and the Sichuan Provincial Organ Transplantation Committee. He is mainly engaged in clinical and research work on liver transplantation. He has participated in liver transplantation since 2001 and has completed more than 200 liver transplants.[40]
SCDX-HXYY016 Jiang Li
Position and Title: Attending surgeon of Liver Transplant Center
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation. He is mainly engaged in clinical and research work on hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and liver transplantation. He specializes in liver transplantation.[41]
SCDX-HXYY017 Zhao Jichun
Position and Title: Director of Vascular Surgery Department, Director of Vascular Center, chief surgeon/professor, doctorate supervisor
Personal Profile: From 2002 to 2003, he studied vascular surgery for one year at Case Western Reserve University Hospital, USA. He has completed more than 1,000 cases of hepatic artery reconstruction in liver transplants,[42] including more than 500 cases of hepatic artery reconstruction in orthotopic liver transplants and more than 200 cases of hepatic artery reconstruction in living donor liver transplants without complications.[43] He specializes in hepatic artery reconstruction in liver transplants and the diagnosis and treatment of its complications.
SCDX-HXYY018 Huang Jiwei
Position and Title: Attending surgeon and lecturer of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. Specializes in liver transplantation.[44]
SCDX-HXYY019 Zhang Ming
Position and Title: Attending surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. Specializes in liver transplantation.[45]
SCDX-HXYY020 Ma Yukui
Position and Title: Associate chief surgeon of vascular surgery, associate professor
Personal Profile: He graduated from the Department of Clinical Medicine of West China Medical University with a bachelor's degree in 1994. From 1994 to 1999, he was a postgraduate student in a joint master's and doctoral program at the same university, focusing on organ transplantation and hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. During his studies, he received training in cell culture, mixed lymphocyte reaction, immunohistochemical staining, etc., and participated in the research work of the sub-project "Basic Research on Pig-Human Xenotransplantation" of the National Natural Science Foundation of China’s "Ninth Five-Year Plan" major research project. His graduation thesis "Establishment of a simulated pig-human xenograft immunoreactive animal model" participated in the 5th World Congress of Xenotransplantation, and his follow-up research was awarded at the Congress.
He received his doctorate in medicine in July 1999 and has worked in the General Surgery Department at the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University, engaging in basic and clinical work in vascular surgery and liver transplantation. He participated in the GCP training at the National Clinical Pharmacology Base and passed the exam. He was promoted to attending surgeon in October 1999 and to associate chief surgeon in June 2006. In the 1999-2000 standardized training for surgical residents, he was rated as an excellent surgical resident. In 2003, he won the Young Backbone Teacher Award from Sichuan University. In 2004, he was awarded the Outstanding CCP Party Member from Sichuan University. From 2004 to 2006, he was awarded the Outstanding Medical Worker Award from Sichuan University. In 2009, he was elected as a member of the professional group of vascular surgery of the Sichuan Medical Association. From October 2007 to April 2008, he was appointed by the department and the hospital to study vascular surgery at Zhongshan Hospital, affiliated with Fudan University. From September 2008 to August 2009, supported by the China Scholarship Council and as a state-sponsored visiting scholar, he studied in the Vascular Surgery Laboratory of Harvard Medical School/Brigham & Women’s Hospital, USA[46]. In 2006, his research project, adult living donor liver transplantation clinical and experimental research, won the first prize in Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award.
SCDX-HXYY021 Jia Ganbin
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, professor, Doctor of Medicine
Personal Profile: He graduated from the Department of Medicine of West China Medical University in 1985. After graduation, he stayed at his alma mater to engage in clinical teaching and medical research on general surgery.[47]
SCDX-HXYY022 Cheng Nansheng
Position and Title: Professor of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, Vice President, Director of the Department of Surgery and Surgery Teaching and Research Office, Director of Biliary Surgery
Personal Profile: He graduated from the Department of Medicine of West China Medical University in 1985 and worked in the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of his alma mater after graduation. In 1988, he was admitted to West China Medical University again to study for a master's degree and was transferred to doctoral study due to his excellent performance in 1990. In 1993, he graduated with a doctorate in medicine and served as a lecturer and attending surgeon in surgery. He became an associate professor of surgery and Deputy Director of the Department of Surgery in 1997. From December 1998 to December 1999, he studied in the US for one year under the support of ECFMG, the US. After returning to China, he still served as the Deputy Director of the Department of Surgery. He has participated in the hospital's liver transplant work and performed a large number of liver transplants.[48]
SCDX-HXYY023 Chen Zheyu
Position and Title: Associate professor of the Second Department of General Surgery, associate professor of Liver Transplant Center, doctor of medicine
Personal Profile: He received his bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees from Tianjin Medical University. In 2004, he entered the Liver Transplant Center and the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of Sichuan University Clinical Medicine Postdoctoral Station to conduct clinical and basic research on hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and liver transplantation. He started working at the Second Department of General Surgery and the Liver Transplant Center in June 2006 at the same university. He specializes in liver transplantation.[49]
SCDX-HXYY024 Hu Weiming
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, professor
Personal Profile: After graduating from West China Medical University in 1985, he was engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary, pancreatic and gastrointestinal diseases. He pioneered pancreas transplantation in southwest China.[50]
SCDX-HXYY025 Tian Bole
Position and Title: Professor/Chief surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Personal Profile: He successively studied at the University of Minnesota Medical Center, USA, and the Medical School of the University of Geneva, Switzerland. During his study in the US, he studied under Professor David E R Sutherland, a world-renowned expert in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, an expert in pancreas and islet transplantation, the former President of the World Organ Transplantation Association, and the Director of the Transplant Surgery Department at the University of Minnesota Medical Center. He has traveled to Boston in the US, Geneva in Switzerland, Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Vancouver in Canada, Venice in Italy, Tokyo in Japan, and other places to participate in international academic conferences, and his many research papers were accepted as Poster Presentations. After returning to China, he engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases and successfully performed the first combined pancreas-kidney transplant at West China Hospital.[51]
SCDX-HXYY026 Mai Gang
Position and Title: Professor of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Personal Profile: In 1991, he graduated from Sichuan University School of Medicine (formerly West China Medical University School of Clinical Medicine) with a bachelor's degree, majoring in clinical medicine in the English medical class. In 2001, he obtained a doctorate in general surgery from West China Hospital, Sichuan University (formerly the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University). After returning to China in 2006, he served as an associate professor of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. He conducted post-doctoral research for four years on pancreas and islet transplantation in the General Surgery Department of the Geneva University Hospitals. He has in-depth research on pancreas transplantation and islet transplantation.[52]
SCDX-HXYY027 Zhao Ji
Position and Title: Attending surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Personal Profile: He graduated from West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University. He specializes in liver transplantation. He is proficient in the perioperative management of liver transplantation and kidney transplantation.[53]
SCDX-HXYY028 Wu Yantao
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, professor of the First Department of General Surgery
Personal Profile: After graduating from Tongji Medical University in 1957, he was assigned to the Department of Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University, engaged in clinical teaching and research on general surgery and hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. He has been the Director of the Department of Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University, the Director of the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research Lab, and the President of the Second Affiliated Hospital. In 1984, he went to study at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, USA. His main research interests are organ transplantation and surgical metabolism and nutrition. He performed the first clinical orthotopic liver transplant in Southwest China in 1979.[54]
SCDX-HXYY029 Wu Xiaoting
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of gastrointestinal surgery, professor, Director of Clinical Nutrition Support Center, Deputy Director of General Surgery Department, doctoral supervisor
Personal Profile: He graduated from Suzhou Medical College in 1982. From December 1982 to August 1993, he worked in the Department of Surgery of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. In 1996, he received a doctorate in medicine. In September 1996, he entered the clinical medicine postdoctoral station of the Second Military Medical University and was engaged in postdoctoral research on small intestine transplantation and nutritional support under the guidance of Academician Li Jieshou. Since 1998, he has served as a professor of surgery at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, a doctoral supervisor, an academic leader of the Sichuan Provincial Health Department, and an adjunct professor at the Tibet University School of Medicine.
From September 1994 to September 1995, he was sent by the State Education Commission to the Department of Surgery of the Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institute, and the Department of Surgery of Sahlgrenska Academy, the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. He is mainly engaged in clinical and research work in organ transplantation and nutritional support and has conducted innovative research in small intestine transplantation.[55]
SCDX-HXYY030 Ke Nengwen
Position and Title: Attending surgeon of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, lecturer
Personal Profile: He graduated from West China Hospital, Sichuan University in 2010 with a doctorate in surgery. After graduation, he engaged in clinical work in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of West China Hospital. He specializes in immune tolerance induction for organ transplantation.[56]
SCDX-HXYY031 Zeng Yong
Position and Title: Vice President of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, professor of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, chief surgeon, doctoral supervisor
Personal Profile: After graduating from the Department of Medicine of Sichuan Luzhou Medical College in 1983, he worked at his alma mater for six years as an attending surgeon. In September 1989, he was admitted to the former West China Medical University as a postgraduate student in surgery, and was transferred to the doctoral program with excellent performance. After graduating from West China Medical University in July 1994 with a doctorate in medicine, he worked in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of West China Hospital and served as attending surgeon, associate professor, professor, and chief surgeon. From 1996 to 2001, he was the assistant to the President. From March 2003 to March 2004, he studied living donor liver transplantation and hepatobiliary surgery in the Department of Transplantation and the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery at Kyoto University Hospital, Japan. After returning to China, he helped the hospital to carry out living donor liver transplants smoothly. He became the Director of the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery in 2008. The main clinical work he has carried out is as follows: 1. He carried out the following living donor liver transplants: right half liver transplants, left half liver transplants, left lateral lobe liver transplants, right half liver transplants with the eighth segment preserved, and double donor liver transplants. 2. He carried out cadaveric liver transplants. 3. He completed the first difficult operation of pancreatoduodenectomy and autologous small intestine transplantation in China. He specializes in liver transplantation (living donor, cadaveric liver transplant).[57]
SCDX-HXYY032 Liu Lunxu
Position and Title: Chief surgeon, professor, Director of the Thoracic Surgery Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Personal Profile: After graduating from West China Medical University School of Medicine in 1989, he worked in the Department of Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of West China Medical University. From 1992 to 1997, he studied for a master's degree and a doctorate in thoracic and cardiac surgery at the West China Medical University School of Medicine. He became an associate chief surgeon in 2001, master student supervisor in 2002, and chief surgeon in 2006. In 2006, he was named the academic leader of the Sichuan Provincial Health Department. In 2004 and 2006, he went to Australia twice to study minimally invasive techniques and lung transplantation. He was the first to independently perform lung transplantation in southwest China, and the first case was a double lung transplant.[58]
SCDX-HXYY033 Zhang Eryong
Position and Title: Professor, Director of the Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery
Personal Profile: He is the chairman of the Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Committee of the Sichuan Medical Association. He has been engaged in cardiac surgery teaching, clinical work, and scientific research for more than 20 years and has rich experience in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac surgery diseases. He has been to Germany for further study. The number, the difficulty, and the effects of the cardiac surgeries he performed each year are at the leading level among peers in the southwest. He specializes in heart transplants.[59]
SCDX-HXYY034 Deng Yingping
Position and Title: Chief surgeon, professor of ophthalmology
Personal Profile: He is a member of the Sichuan Organ Transplantation Society, Deputy Director and party branch secretary of the Ophthalmology Teaching and Research Office. He graduated from Sichuan Medical College in 1984 and has been working in the Ophthalmology Department of West China Hospital since graduation.[60]
SCDX-HXYY035 Wang Lin
Position and Title: Chief surgeon of ophthalmology, professor
Personal Profile: She graduated from Sichuan Medical College in 1982 and was in the US for a short-term study in 1995. She specializes in corneal transplants.[61]
Reference
[1]Hospital overview of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
http://web.archive.org/web/20201013193219/http://www.wchscu.cn/department_xbzlk/dynamic.html
[2]Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health
Source: Base Construction and Management Section / Update Date: 2014-11-20
http://kyy.scu.edu.cn/Document/ArticlePage?Id=%20211
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/sites/default/files/report/2016/64700_06170…
[3]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An introduction to the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital
http://www.haodf.com/faculty/DE4rO-XCoLUn-brccTieBvzKOb/jieshao.htm
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/sites/default/files/report/2016/64700_06170…
[4]Biology website: Liver transplant specialist Yan Lvnan
http://gz.shengwuxuewang.cn /f/ h/b.html
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/sites/default/files/report/2015/59389_685.j…
http://www.upholdjustice.org/sites/default/files/report/2015/325-685.jpg
[5]Recording on minghui.org: A military hospital speaks out about using kidneys of Falun Gong
practitioners, May 2,2006
http://www.minghui.org/mh/articles/2006/5/2/126638.html
[6]An introduction to the Liver Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwganyizhizhongxin/518.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/683.png
[7]An introduction to the Liver Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwganyizhizhongxin/518.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/683.png
[8]An introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwshenzangyizhizhongx/811.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/681.png
[9]An introduction to the Department of Urology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Release time: 2015-06-01
http://www.cd120.com/htmlzkjswaikexingkeshimini/4997.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/sites/default/files/report/2016/64700_06170…
[10] West China Hospital, Sichuan University: The Third General Ward improved workflow and shortened the average hospital stay of kidney transplant patients
Release time: 2013-06-28 Author: Gu Bo, Tan Qiling
http://www.cd120.com/htmlnewsdongtaixinwen/62072.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/505.png
[11]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: The Third General Ward improved workflow and shortened the average hospital stay of kidney transplant patients
Release time: 2013-06-28 Author: Gu Bo, Tan Qiling
http://www.cd120.com/htmlnewsdongtaixinwen/62072.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/505.png
[12]An introduction to the Liver Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Release time: 2004-09-02
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwganyizhizhongxin/518.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/683.png
[13]An introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwshenzangyizhizhongx/811.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/681.png
[14] (Sichuan University media) Sichuan News Network: The total number of kidney transplants in West China Hospital, Sichuan University in 2017 reached 481, ranking first in China
January 18, 2018
http://news.sina.com.cn/o/2018-01-18/doc-ifyquixe3876808.shtml
http://web.archive.org/web/20201013193602/http://news.sina.com.cn/o/201…
[15]An introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Release time: 2005-02-22
http://www.cd120.com/htmlylfwshenzangyizhizhongx/811.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/325.png
[16]An introduction to the Kidney Transplant Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Release time: 2014-09-13
http://www.cd120.com/htmlzkjswaikexingkeshimini/66669.jhtml
WOIPFG archive link:
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/cn/images/nationalcriminalreports/327.png
[17]news.chengdu.cn: The first Organ Donor Cemetery in Sichuan Province was Launched, 2016-04-01
http://news.chengdu.cn/2016/0401/1776951.shtml
[18]Science and Technology News of West China Hospital: Several Experts of Our Hospital were Elected as Deputy Leaders (Members) of several groups of the Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation under the Chinese Medical Association
http://web.archive.org/web/20201013194112/http://www.wchscu.cn/public/d…
[19]A WOIPFG Investigation Report on the Chinese Communist Party’s Ongoing Crime of Live Organ Harvesting against Falun Dafa Practitioners (III)
https://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/72524
[20]A WOIPFG Investigation Report on the Chinese Communist Party’s Ongoing Crime of Live Organ Harvesting against Falun Dafa Practitioners (III)
https://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/72524
[21]A WOIPFG Investigation Report on the Chinese Communist Party’s Ongoing Crime of Live Organ Harvesting against Falun Dafa Practitioners (V)
https://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/96870
[22]WOIPFG’s 2019 Comprehensive Investigation Results regarding the Chinese Communist Party’s Live Organ Harvesting of Falun Dafa Practitioners
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/125981
[23]WOIPFG’s 2019 Comprehensive Investigation Results regarding the Chinese Communist Party’s Live Organ Harvesting of Falun Dafa Practitioners
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/125981
[24]Summary of WOIPFG's investigation of live organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in the first half of 2020
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/128615
[25]Summary of WOIPFG's investigation of live organ harvesting from Falun Gong practitioners in the first half of 2020
http://www.zhuichaguoji.org/node/128615
[26]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Yan Lvnan
http://www.cd120.com/htmlzjglganzangjixueguanwai/55029.jhtml
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005042/http://www.cd120.com/htmlzjg…
[27]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Lin Tao
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0BCkuHzdeGmHuwqr5q33q1fJD.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005347/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[28]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Wang Li
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPg0wOpMEBi1InoYl.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005342/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[29]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Doctor Lu Yiping
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0091
[30]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Tang Keshi
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPg0TImKSvlgzgq2c.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150325172430/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[31]China Organ Transplant Website: Fan Tianyong, an Expert and Professor of Kidney Transplant, 2011-02-24
http://www.transplantation.org.cn/ZSiChuanDaXueHuaXiYiYuanZhuanJiaTuanD…
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005327/http://www.transplantation.o…
[32]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Yang Yuru
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgXh23oBq7c5PLvm.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150327024326/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[33]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Wang Jia
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPg0ZoozM21bXlzuR.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005310/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[34]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Kang Yan
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPglS0RBIFkeSa2ob.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005240/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[35]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Li Bo
http://www.cd120.com/htmlzjglganzangjixueguanwai/55034.jhtml
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420005049/http://www.cd120.com/htmlzjg…
[36]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Wang Wentao
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=4104
[37]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Wen Tianfu
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0348
[38]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Xu Mingqing
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=5568
[39]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Yang Jiayin
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgXS0YSdpUn-8HdJ.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150317090953/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[40]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Wei Yonggang
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=8778
[41]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Jiang Li
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=10952
[42]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Zhao Jichun
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0090
[43] West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Zhao Jichun
http://old.cd120.com/html/zjgl/ganzangjixueguanwaikeyiliaodanyuan/2011/…
[44]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Huang Jiwei
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0eJWGqZNwNKELBK5O5quGUbEY0en.htm
[45]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Zhang Ming
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0eJWGqZNGRDLDzuMswNNZanyuW8l.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420004926/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[46]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Ma Yukui
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgYDnYSdpUn-8HdJ.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150316074441/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[47]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Jia Ganbin
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPglDlj3KCctdxdDa.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150315044256/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[48]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Cheng Nansheng
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgMFRKX3HVJ2rF-e.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420004905/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[49]yynet.cn: An Introduction to Doctor Chen Zheyu
http://chenzheyu.u.yynet.cn/intro.php
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420004904/http://chenzheyu.u.yynet.cn/…
[50]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Hu Weiming
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgMfYH5-zTRBJvHg.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150317032742/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[51]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Tian Bole
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0338
[52]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Mai Gang
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0BCkuHzduKURwm0QBvLvytk8z.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420003449/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[53]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Zhao Ji
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0BCkuHzdexqNi5uJs56FCrgRH.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150411043503/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[54]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Wu Yantao
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPg0C252Duj49TpEn.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420003227/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[55]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Wu Xiaoting
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPGazPH5-zTRBJvHg.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20160416203404/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[56]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Ke Nengwen
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r0BCkuHzdeCU0isVkFGpEHP0h6.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140420003139/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[57]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Zeng Yong
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0031
[58]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Liu Lunxu
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgWD0RBIFkeSa2ob.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20150315060818/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[59]Good Doctors Online (https://www.haodf.com/): An Introduction to Doctor Zhang Eryong
http://www.haodf.com/doctor/DE4r08xQdKSLPgXibc5-zTRBJvHg.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20140419232454/http://www.haodf.com/doctor/…
[60]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Deng Yingping
http://www.cd120.com/cd120/doctor.jspx?code=0225
[61]West China Hospital, Sichuan University: An Introduction to Expert Wang Lin
